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Fort Waldegrave was a battery or an emplacement for heavy guns in St. John’s Newfoundland, strategically overlooking the Narrows and St John’s Harbour.〔(View of Fort Waldgrave, Google Earth )〕 ==Original purpose== It was originally constructed in 1798 where Old North Castle had first been located and was used as a support battery for Chain Rock. It was named after Governor Waldegrave. The fort is located on the slopes of Signal Hill. It is located at , on the northern side of The Narrows, the entrance to St. John's harbour. It was also used to back up another battery, Fort Amherst, on the opposite shore from Chain Rock, an outcrop of land, which is one of two rocks located on opposite sides of the Narrows: Chain Rock is on the battery side and Pancake Rock on the opposite. They are 174 meters apart. At nightfall, a large defensive chain was stretched between the rocks by means of a capstan to prevent enemy ships from entering the harbor. Chain Rock and Pancake Rock were used for this purpose as early as 1770. Apart from a guardhouse at Fort Waldegrave, there were two cannon, and a magazine capable of travelling. The fortifications on the opposite side of the Narrows were named for Lieutenant Colonel William Amherst〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Grand Concourse: Plans Presented for Fort Amherst )〕 who successfully recaptured St. John's from French forces in 1762.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Recapture of St. John's, Newfoundland in 1762 )〕〔''Encyclopedia of Newfoundland and Labrador'', Volume one, page 395, 396〕 The Seven Years' War was fought from 1756–1763〔() Exploration and Settlement: The Seven Years' War, 1756-1763〕 where France and Britain fought for superiority in French North America. In 1762, toward the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland. If successful, the expedition would have strengthened France's hand at the negotiating table. Though they took St. John's and raided nearby settlements, the French forces were eventually defeated by British troops at the Battle of Signal Hill. This was the final battle of the war in North America, and it forced the French to surrender to the British under Amherst. The British government now controlled all of eastern North America. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fort Waldegrave, Newfoundland and Labrador」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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